Round 11: Tossup 4

M. L. Glasser’s “master theorem” showed that this technique can simplify problems construed as Cauchy principal values. The first step of Cardano’s method eliminates a square term by performing this technique. Lambda calculus (15[1])is based on binding and this technique for variables. The expression, (15[1])“a squared (-5[1])minus (-5[1])x squared” (-5[1])in (*) integrals typically suggests the use of this technique with sine of x. (10[1])In AP Calculus, the (10[1])variable u is (10[1])commonly used (10[1])as part of this technique during integration. For 10 points, solving an equation by replacing (10[1])a complicated expression with an equivalent term is an example of what technique? ■END■ (10[1])

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