Packet 11: Bonus 6
Ideally, these circuit devices have infinite gain, but in reality their open-loop gain is around 10 to the fifth. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these devices that greatly increase the voltage difference between their inverting and non-inverting inputs. These non-diode devices are represented by triangles on circuit diagrams.
ANSWER: operational amplifiers [or op amps; prompt on amplifiers]
[10e] Nodes in an op-amp that stay at 0 voltage due to negative feedback and high gain act like “virtual” examples of these circuit elements, which provide a reference voltage of 0 by storing excess charge into the Earth.
ANSWER: ground [or virtual ground]
[10m] Since their open-loop gains are so large, op amp gains are often reported using these units. These units, which expresses the intensity of a signal on a logarithmic scale, are used in another context to quantify the amplitude of compressions and rarefactions.
ANSWER: decibels [or dBs]
<Science - Physics, Rohan Kher> | VAULT II Packet 11
| Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 | 15.45 | 82% | 55% | 18% |
Conversion
| Team | Opponent | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Total | Parts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exhibition | Chattahoochee B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Hoover | Lambert A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | EM |
| Innovation B | Innovation A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 | HEM |
| Lambert B | Johns Creek | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Northview A | Chattahoochee A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 | EM |
| Northview B | Midtown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Match | Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAULT II at Georgia Tech | 2026-01-24 | ✓ | 6 | 15.00 | 83% | 50% | 17% |
| VAULT II at UCSB | 2026-03-13 | ✓ | 4 | 22.50 | 100% | 75% | 50% |
| VAULT II at Harvard | 2026-04-30 | ✓ | 4 | 15.00 | 75% | 50% | 25% |
| VAULT II Stanford Online | 2026-07-17 | ✓ | 8 | 12.50 | 75% | 50% | 0% |