Packet 8: Bonus 19

Continuous symmetries correspond to conservation laws according to a groundbreaking theorem devised by Emmy Noether (“NUR-thurr”). For 10 points each:
[10h] If this quantity does not depend on a coordinate, Noether’s theorem implies that the coordinate’s corresponding generalized momentum is conserved. An ODE partly named for Euler relates the derivative of this quantity with respect to a coordinate q to its derivative with respect to q dot.
ANSWER: Lagrangian
[10m] Noether’s theorem implies that systems conserve energy if and only if the Lagrangian is not dependent on this quantity. Impulse equals force integrated over this quantity.
ANSWER: time
[10e] Noether’s theorem also implies that this quantity’s conservation results from systems where the Lagrangian is position-invariant. This quantity is conserved in both inelastic and elastic collisions.
ANSWER: linear momentum [reject “angular momentum”]
<Science - Physics, Jonathan Ouyang> | VAULT II Packet 08

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